Evidence quality

Recall bias

Bias caused when people remember past exposures or events inaccurately or differently between groups.

What it means

Definition

Recall bias. Recall bias is common when studies ask participants to remember diet, symptoms or exposures. People with a disease may search their memory differently from people without it.

What it can tell you

It can help clarify what sort of evidence or claim is being discussed.

What it cannot tell you

It cannot, by itself, prove that the headline is accurate or clinically important.

Headline trap

Why this matters in headlines

A case-control study of diet and disease may be weakened if past intake is remembered unreliably.