Media and headline framing

Extrapolation

Applying a finding beyond the population, setting, dose, or outcome actually studied.

What it means

Definition

Extrapolation: Extrapolation is sometimes reasonable but often risky. Health headlines commonly extrapolate from cells, animals, biomarkers, or narrow populations to broad public advice.

What it can tell you

It can help clarify what sort of evidence or claim is being discussed.

What it cannot tell you

It cannot, by itself, prove that the headline is accurate or clinically important.

Headline trap

Why this matters in headlines

A study in mice is extrapolated when described as if the same effect is proven in humans.