Publishing and evidence

Replication

Repeating a finding in an independent study or dataset.

What it means

Definition

Replication. Replication increases confidence that a finding is not a one-off result, analysis artefact or chance observation. Early findings are often less secure until replicated.

What it can tell you

It can help clarify what sort of evidence or claim is being discussed.

What it cannot tell you

It cannot, by itself, prove that the headline is accurate or clinically important.

Headline trap

Why this matters in headlines

A single surprising study should usually be framed more cautiously than a replicated body of evidence.